INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Cholera is a severe enteric infection which is as a result of the ingestion of bacterium Vibrio. It is an infectious disease which causes severe watery diarrhea， dehydration and even death if untreated. World Health Organization， (2000). It is contact by eating food or drinking water infected with a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae.It is found in faecally contaminated water or food. Cholera is contacted when there is insufficient access to safe water and proper sanitation. It can also be contacted in areas where basic environmental infrastructures are lacking or have been damaged. The areas affected by conflicts and wars are particularly vulnerable to cholera outbreaks. The displacement of people and overcrowded settings， where potable water and sanitation constitute a challenge， also would lead to cholera. Therefore it is of paramount importance to monitor and evaluate the environment so as to detect the outbreak of the disease and put in place adequate intervention measures. This requires the Coordination of the different sectors involved and implementation of strategies to limit the effect of cholera on populations. The study seeks to appraise
The causes and effect of outbreak of cholera in jere local government of borno state.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The level of environmental degradation and the inability of the government to meet the needs of the people adequately has grossly affected the living standard of the people. This is portrayed by the inavailability of portable and clean water and waste scattered all over the environment emitting bacteria which are washed away by rainwater in to many body waters. This situation leads to contaminated water and food substances .Consequently the level of consumption of contaminated foods and water is the cause of the contact of cholera. The problem facing the study is to appraise the causes and effect of outbreak of cholera in jere local government of borno state.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The Main Objective of the study is to appraise the causes and effect of outbreak of cholera in jere local government of borno state; The specific objectives include
1 To determine the nature of cholera.
2 To determine the causes and effect of outbreak of cholera.
3 To determine the causes and effect of outbreak of cholera in jere local government of borno state.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1 What is the nature of cholera?
2 What is the causes and effect of outbreak of cholera?
3 What is the causes and effect of outbreak of cholera in jere local government of borno state?
1.5 STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS
The statement of the hypothesis for the study is stated in Null as follows
HO The causes of cholera in jere local government of borno state is high.
HO The effect of outbreak of cholera in jere local government of borno state is negative.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study proffers an appraisal of the causes and effect of outbreak of cholera in jere local government of borno state. It provides relevant data for the effective formulation and implementation of policies to enhance the realization of envisaged objective.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study proffers an appraisal of the causes and effect of outbreak of cholera in jere local government of borno state.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study was confronted with logistics and geographical factors.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHOLERA DEFINED
Cholera is a severe enteric infection which is as a result of the ingestion of bacterium Vibrio. It is an infectious disease which causes severe watery diarrhea， dehydration and even death if untreated. It is contact by eating food or drinking water infected with a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae.It is found in faecally contaminated water or food. Cholera is contacted when there is insufficient access to safe water and proper sanitation.
HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM DEFINED
World Health Organization defines health systems as a system consisting of all organizations， people and actions directed at promoting， restoring or maintaining health. This includes efforts which influence health determinants and health-improving activities. A health system encompasses publicly owned facilities which delivers personal health services， health insurance organizations， a mothers care for a sick child at home; vector-control campaigns， efforts of private health care providers.
